Exchange 2010 – Page 4

Undeliverable Message reads: Remote Server returned ‘550 5.3.4 SMTPSEND.OverAdvertisedSize; message size exceeds fixed maximum size’

Scenario: You try to send a message with an attachment to a recipient but you receive a bounce/undeliverable message that shows this error.

Remote Server returned ‘550 5.3.4 SMTPSEND.OverAdvertisedSize; message size exceeds fixed maximum size’

When sending the message, although the message size is close to the max message size set by Exchange, it still falls under the max message size. For Example: The maximum message size that your email servers will allow is 35MB, and the message you want to send has a size of 30MB.

Cause for the bounce: There is a message size conversion when passing off between different message relays. Sometimes this conversion can be up to a 30% increase of the original message size. For example, when the message is received in Exchange it shows 30MB. When the message is passing through the send connector, a size conversion takes place on the message and when Exchange attempts to send it through the send connector to the next message relay, it reads 38MB. This 38MB exceeds the 35MB limit set on the next message relay and it causes a bounce/undeliverable message.

You can see the size conversion in the TotalBytes field by running a command similar to the following:

get-tranpsortserver | Get-messagetrackinglog -MessageSubject “Big Attachment” -start 1/28/2015 | Sort TimeStamp | Select ServerHostname, Source , EventID, TotalBytes

*In my experience, the type of message attachment influences the size conversion for the message.

WorkaroundResolution:

The easy solution is to just zip the attachment and make it smaller and then attempt to pass it through. Else you need to increase your maximum message size limits on your message relays to account for the increase caused by the conversion. For Example, if you truly want to allow a 35MB attachment and account for a 30% message size increase, your maximum message size needs to be 45.5MB.

Open another Mailbox via Outlook Web App (OWA)

Scenario: You have permission to another users mailbox and you want to open that mailbox via Outlook Web App (OWA)

Steps:

Sign in to your account in Outlook Web App.
On the Outlook Web App nav bar, click on your name. A list appears.
Click Open another mailbox.
Type the alias or email address of the other mailbox that you want to open. Another Outlook Web App session opens in a separate window, allowing access to the other mailbox.

Mailbox Auditing and Audit Log Retrieval

Scenario: You want to enable mailbox auditing on a mailbox and you want to log all actions performed by Admins, Delegates, and Owners. You also want to retrieve the audit entries into a easy to read format.

Enable Auditing on a Mailbox: By default, mailbox auditing is disabled but the audit options are already pre-set for Admin and Delegates. You will need to enable mailbox auditing and set the actions for the owner of the mailbox as well by running this command:

set-mailbox testuser1 -AuditEnabled $true -AuditOwner Update,Move,MoveToDeletedItems,SoftDelete,HardDelete,Create

To view the audit status for a mailbox:

get-mailbox testuser1 | FL *Audit*

View Audit Log entries

To view the log entries for an audit, you can run the following command-lets.

#Edit the following Variables
$Mailbox = "testuser1"      #Mailbox that has Auditing Enabled
$hours = "48"      #Hours to search back from
$myDir = "C:temp"
$mailto = "steve@domain.com"
$MailFrom = "steve@domain.com"
$ReportemailSubject = "Audit Log Results for $Mailbox"
$MailServer = "smtp.domain.com"

#Static Variables
$reportemailsubject = "Mailbox Audit Logs for $mailbox in last $hours hours."
$rawfile = "$myDirAuditLogEntries.csv"
$htmlfile = "$myDirAuditLogEntries.html"
$smtpsettings = @{
 To =  $MailTo
 From = $MailFrom
    Subject = $reportemailsubject
 SmtpServer = $MailServer
 }

Write-Host "Searching $mailbox for last $hours hours."
$auditlogentries = @()
$identity = (Get-Mailbox $mailbox).Identity
$auditlogentries = Search-MailboxAuditLog -Identity $mailbox -LogonTypes 'Delegate','Owner','Admin' -StartDate (Get-Date).AddHours(-$hours) -ShowDetails
if ($($auditlogentries.Count) -gt 0)
{
    Write-Host "Writing raw data to $rawfile"
    $auditlogentries | Export-CSV $rawfile -NoTypeInformation -Encoding UTF8
    foreach ($entry in $auditlogentries)
    {
        $reportObj = New-Object PSObject
        $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "Mailbox" -Value $entry.MailboxResolvedOwnerName
        $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "Mailbox UPN" -Value $entry.MailboxOwnerUPN
        $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "Timestamp" -Value $entry.LastAccessed
        $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "Audit Logon Type" -Value $entry.LogonType
        $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "Accessed By" -Value $entry.LogonUserDisplayName
        $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "Operation" -Value $entry.Operation
        $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "Result" -Value $entry.OperationResult
        $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "Folder" -Value $entry.FolderPathName
        if ($entry.ItemSubject)
        {
            $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "Subject Lines" -Value $entry.ItemSubject
        }
        else
        {
            $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "Subject Lines" -Value $entry.SourceItemSubjectsList
        }
        $report += $reportObj
    }
    $htmlbody = $report | ConvertTo-Html -Fragment
$htmlhead="<html>
    <style>
    BODY{font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt;}
    H1{font-size: 22px; font-family: 'Segoe UI Light','Segoe UI','Lucida Grande',Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;}
    H2{font-size: 18px; font-family: 'Segoe UI Light','Segoe UI','Lucida Grande',Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;}
    H3{font-size: 16px; font-family: 'Segoe UI Light','Segoe UI','Lucida Grande',Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;}
    TABLE{border: 1px solid black; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 8pt;}
    TH{border: 1px solid #969595; background: #dddddd; padding: 5px; color: #000000;}
    TD{border: 1px solid #969595; padding: 5px; }
    td.pass{background: #B7EB83;}
    td.warn{background: #FFF275;}
    td.fail{background: #FF2626; color: #ffffff;}
    td.info{background: #85D4FF;}
    </style>
    <body>
                <p>Report of mailbox audit log entries for $mailbox in the last $hours hours.</p>"
 $htmltail = "</body></html>" 
 $htmlreport = $htmlhead + $htmlbody + $htmltail
    Write-Host "Writing report data to $htmlfile"
    $htmlreport | Out-File $htmlfile -Encoding UTF8
    Write-Host "Sending email"
 Send-MailMessage @smtpsettings -Body $htmlreport -BodyAsHtml -Encoding ([System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8) -Attachments $rawfile
}

Write-Host "Finished."

Method Invocation failed because [Deserialized.Microsoft.Exchange.Data.ByteQuantifiedSize] does not contain a method named ‘ToMB’

Scenario: When connecting to Exchange PowerShell without the Exchange management tools installed, you get the following error message when trying to convert the mailbox size to another Size unit. For example: With the Exchange Management tools installed, you can run the following command successfully:

Get-MailboxStatistics user1 | Select {$_.TotalItemSize.Value.ToMB()}

But when you connect to Exchange Powershell via a session without the Exchange Management tools installed, you receive the following error:

Method Invocation failed because [Deserialized.Microsoft.Exchange.Data.ByteQuantifiedSize] does not contain a method named ‘ToMB’

Solution: To work around this problem:

#Collect Mailbox Stats
$stat_o365 = get-mailbox -resultsize unlimited | Get-mailboxstatistics

#Loop the stats
$stat_o365 | %{
$Name = $_.displayname
$TIS = [string]$_.TotalItemSize
$TDIS = [string]$_.TotalDeletedItemSize

#start the value manipulation
$regex = [regex]"((.*))"
$TISstring = [regex]::match($TIS, $regex).Groups[1]
$TDISstring = [regex]::match($TDIS, $regex).Groups[1]
$TISString = $TISString -replace "Bytes",""
$TDISString = $TDISString -replace "Bytes",""

#Convert the strings to Int
$TDISValue = [INT]$TDISString
$TISValue =  [INT]$TISString

#Add the Mailbox Size and round to the nearest MB
$TotalSize = [Decimal]::Round((($TDISValue + $TISValue)/1024)/1024)
}

Powershell method for finding any services that are set to start automatically but have been stopped due to a failure or error.

Scenario: You want a Powershell method for finding any services that are set to start automatically but have stopped in error or by failure.

Solution: The script below looks for any Exchange servers that start with 2013* and then uses the logic “Find a Service that is set to Automatic that is currently not running and an Exit Code of the service is not 0” for each server. Then attempt to restart that service on each server. An exit code of 0 means the service was stopped manually OR stopped by Windows as it was no longer required to run. Here is a list of Error Code/Exit Code descriptions: Exit Code Descriptions

#Collect Servers into a Variable
$1 = Get-exchangeserver 2013*

#Collect Services that are not started due to failure or error
$2 = $1 |%{Get-CimInstance win32_service -Filter "startmode = 'auto' AND state != 'running' AND Exitcode !=0 " -ComputerName $_ | select systemname, name, startname, exitcode}

#View the Services that are stopped for each server
$2

#Restart each failed service
$2 | %{Get-service $_.Name -computername $_.SystemName | Start-service -passthru}

Perform a search mailbox to specific mailbox items between a date range.

Scenario: You want to non-invasively search a mailbox in order to find content between a date range.

Solution: Run the following command(s):

search-mailbox userid -searchquery “kind:Email AND Received:1/1/1900..08/01/2014” -EstimateResultOnly

Note: You can remove estimateresultonly and replace with TargetMailbox and TargetFolder to export the queried contents of the mailbox to view the messages. You can also use the following KIND variables to target certain message types in your search:

Email
Meetings
Tasks
Notes
Docs
Journals
Contacts
IM

Script to determine Exchange ActiveSync devices and email the report

Scenario: You want a script that will perform the following:

Provide all device statistics in csv format attached to the email report.
Provide a total of Devices in the email report
Provide a total of mailboxes that have a device in the email report
The average number of devices per user in the email report
Provide a list of devices that have not connected in over 6 months in the email report
Provide a count for each ActiveSync policy applied on all mailboxes in the email report
Provide a list of the top 10 device types in the email report
Provide a list of the top 10 users based on device count in the email report

Script:

#Define Variables
    $age = 180
    $final_DeviceCount = @()
    $report = @()
    $file = $(((get-date).ToUniversalTime()).ToString("yyyyMMddThhmmssZ"))
    $filename = "C:tempeas_stat_"+$file+".csv"
    $today = get-date
    $final = @()
    $BreakLine = "
    "
 $stats = @("FirstSyncTime",
        "LastPolicyUpdateTime",
        "LastSyncAttemptTime",
        "LastSuccessSync",
        "DeviceType",
        "DeviceID",
        "DeviceUserAgent",
        "DeviceWipeSentTime",
        "DeviceWipeRequestTime",
        "DeviceWipeAckTime",
        "LastPingHeartbeat",
        "RecoveryPassword",
        "DeviceModel",
        "DeviceImei",
        "DeviceFriendlyName",
        "DeviceOS",
        "DeviceOSLanguage",
        "DevicePhoneNumber",
        "MailboxLogReport",
        "DeviceEnableOutboundSMS",
        "DeviceMobileOperator",
        "Identity",
        "Guid",
        "IsRemoteWipeSupported",
        "Status",
        "StatusNote",
        "DeviceAccessState",
        "DeviceAccessStateReason",
        "DeviceAccessControlRule",
        "DevicePolicyApplied",
        "DevicePolicyApplicationStatus",
        "LastDeviceWipeRequestor",
        "ClientVersion",
        "NumberOfFoldersSynced",
        "SyncStateUpgradeTime",
        "ClientType",
        "IsValid",
        "ObjectState"
          )

#Define Email Variables:
    $smtp = "smtp.domain.com"
    [string[]]$to = "steve@domain.com"
    $from = "MobileDeviceStats@domain.com
    $subject = "Mobile Device Stats using ActiveSync"

#Define HTTP Style
$b = "<style>
        BODY{
        font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;
        }
        TABLE{
        border: 1px solid black; border-collapse: collapse;
        }
        TH{
        border: 1px solid black; background: #dddddd; padding: 5px;
        }
        TD{
        border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;
        }
    </style>"
#=========Begin Script===========
#Calculate Mailboxes with EAS Device Partnership
$MailboxesWithEASDevices = @(Get-CASMailbox -Resultsize Unlimited -erroraction SilentlyContinue | Where {$_.HasActiveSyncDevicePartnership} | Select Identity,SAMAccountName)
$MailboxesWithEASDevices = $MailboxeswithEasDevices | Sort SAMAccountName
#Loop Through Each Mailbox
Foreach ($Mailbox in $MailboxesWithEASDevices)
{
$EASDeviceStats = @(Get-MobileDeviceStatistics -Mailbox $Mailbox.Identity)
Write-Host "$($Mailbox.SAMAccountName) has $($EASDeviceStats.Count) device(s)"
#Build the Array
   $ServerObj = New-Object PSObject
   $ServerObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "Alias" -Value $Mailbox.SAMAccountName
   $ServerObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "DeviceCount" -Value $EASDeviceStats.Count
   $Final_DeviceCount += $ServerObj   
$MailboxInfo = Get-Mailbox $Mailbox.Identity | Select DisplayName,PrimarySMTPAddress,Alias
Foreach ($EASDevice in $EASDeviceStats)
    {$LastSuccessSync = ($EASDevice.LastSuccessSync)
 if ($LastSuccessSync -eq $null)
        {
            $syncAge = "Never"
        }
        else
        {
            $syncAge = ($today - $LastSuccessSync).Days
        }
       $reportObj = New-Object PSObject
       $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "DisplayName" -Value $MailboxInfo.DisplayName
       $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "EmailAddress" -Value $MailboxInfo.PrimarySMTPAddress
       $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "Alias" -Value $MailboxInfo.Alias
       $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name "SyncAgeInDays" -Value $syncAge
            Foreach ($stat in $stats)
            {
                $reportObj | Add-Member NoteProperty -Name $stat -Value $EASDevice.$stat
            }
            $report += $reportObj
        }    
}
$report | Export-csv $filename
$TotalDevices = $report.count
$TotalMailboxes = $MailboxesWithEASDevices.Count
$AvgPerMailbox = $TotalDevices / $TotalMailboxes
$LastSync180  = ($Report | Where SyncAgeInDays -ge $age).count
$Top10DeviceTypes = $Report | group DeviceType | Sort Count -Descending | Select Count,Name -first 10 | ConvertTo-Html -head $b
$Top10Users = $final_DeviceCount | Sort DeviceCount -Descending | Select Alias,DeviceCount -first 10 | ConvertTo-Html -head $b
$PolicyApplied = $report | Group DevicePolicyApplied | Sort Count -Descending | Select Count,Name | ConvertTo-Html -head $b
$body =""
$attachment = $filename
$body += "<Font color=black>Attached are the Mobile Device Statistics within the entire OnPremise Exchange Organization using ActiveSync.</font><br><br><br>"
$body += "<b><Font color=#00008B>Total devices:</b><Font color=black> $TotalDevices</font><br><br>"
$body += "<b><Font color=#00008B>Total mailboxes that have a device:</b><Font color=black> $TotalMailboxes</font><br><br>"
$body += "<b><Font color=#00008B>Average Devices Per User:</b><Font color=black> $AvgPerMailbox</font><br><br>"
$body += "<b><Font color=#00008B>Devices with last sync time older than $age days:</b><Font color=black> $LastSync180</font><br><br>"
$body += "<b><Font color=#00008B>ActiveSync policy applied on all mailboxes:</b> $PolicyApplied</font><br><br>"
$body += "<b><Font color=#00008B>Top 10 device types:</b></font><br><br>"
$body += "<Font color=black>$Top10DeviceTypes</font><br><br><br>"
$body += "<b><Font color=#00008B>Top 10 users by device count:</b></font><br><br>"
$body += "<Font color=#00008B>$Top10Users</font><br><br><br>"
send-MailMessage -SmtpServer $smtp -To $to -From $from -Subject $subject -Body $body -BodyAsHtml -Priority high -Attachments $attachment

#=========End Script===========

Exchange Script to Export Hardware Inventory and Exchange Settings

Scenario: You want to export hardware inventory and Exchange settings from your Exchange Organization.

Script: You can copy all the script parts and run at once OR run each script part separately depending on what you want to achieve. You could also build on to this script using the same format with different get commands.

#Specify Variables
$today = (get-date -f yyyy-MM-dd)
$Folder = "C:TempCollection"

#Pull Exchange Server Hardware Inventory
$Servers = Get-ExchangeServer
$Servers | Export-csv $folder$today-Get-ExchangeServer.csv
($servers).name | Out-File $folder$today-Servers.txt
$serverList = "$folder$today-Servers.txt"
$outputCSV = "$folder$today-ServerInventory.csv"
$scriptpath = $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path
$dir = Split-Path $scriptpath
pushd $dir
[System.Collections.ArrayList]$sysCollection = New-Object System.Collections.ArrayList($null)
foreach ($server in (Get-Content $serverList))
{
    "Collecting information from $server"
    $totCores=0
  
    try
    {
        [wmi]$sysInfo = get-wmiobject Win32_ComputerSystem -Namespace "rootCIMV2" -ComputerName $server -ErrorAction Stop
        [wmi]$bios = Get-WmiObject Win32_BIOS -Namespace "rootCIMV2" -computername $server
        [wmi]$os = Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem -Namespace "rootCIMV2" -Computername $server
        #[array]$disks = Get-WmiObject Win32_LogicalDisk -Namespace "rootCIMV2" -Filter DriveType=3 -Computername $server
        [array]$disks = Get-WmiObject Win32_LogicalDisk -Namespace "rootCIMV2" -Computername $server
        [array]$procs = Get-WmiObject Win32_Processor -Namespace "rootCIMV2" -Computername $server
        [array]$mem = Get-WmiObject Win32_PhysicalMemory -Namespace "rootCIMV2" -ComputerName $server
        [array]$nic = Get-WmiObject Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration -Namespace "rootCIMV2" -ComputerName $server | where{$_.IPEnabled -eq "True"}
  
        $si = @{
            Server          = [string]$server
            Manufacturer    = [string]$sysInfo.Manufacturer
            Model           = [string]$sysInfo.Model
            TotMem          = "$([string]([System.Math]::Round($sysInfo.TotalPhysicalMemory/1gb,2))) GB"
            BiosDesc        = [string]$bios.Description
            BiosVer         = [string]$bios.SMBIOSBIOSVersion+"."+$bios.SMBIOSMajorVersion+"."+$bios.SMBIOSMinorVersion
            BiosSerial      = [string]$bios.SerialNumber
            OSName          = [string]$os.Name.Substring(0,$os.Name.IndexOf("|") -1)
            Arch            = [string]$os.OSArchitecture
            Processors      = [string]@($procs).count
            Cores           = [string]$procs[0].NumberOfCores
            NIC      = [string]$nic[0].IPAddress
        }
         
        $disks | foreach-object {$si."Drive$($_.Name -replace ':', '')"="$([string]([System.Math]::Round($_.Size/1gb,2))) GB"}
    }
    catch [Exception]
    {
        "Error communicating with $server, skipping to next"
        $si = @{
            Server          = [string]$server
            ErrorMessage    = [string]$_.Exception.Message
            ErrorItem       = [string]$_.Exception.ItemName
        }
        Continue
    }
    finally
    {
       [void]$sysCollection.Add((New-Object PSObject -Property $si))   
    }
}
 
$sysCollection `
    | select-object Server,NIC,TotMem,OSName,Arch,Processors,Cores,Manufacturer,Model,BiosDesc,BiosVer,BiosSerial,DriveA,DriveB,DriveC,DriveD,DriveE,DriveF,DriveG,DriveH,DriveI,DriveJ,DriveK,DriveL,DriveM,DriveN,DriveO,DriveP,DriveQ,DriveR,DriveS,DriveT,DriveU,DriveV,DriveW,DriveX,DriveY,DriveZ,ErrorMessage,ErrorItem `
    | sort -Property Server `
    | Export-CSV -path $outputCSV -NoTypeInformation

#Export ClientAccess Settings
$CASServers = Get-ClientAccessServer 
$CASServers | %{Get-OWAVirtualDirectory -server $_.name  | Export-csv $folder$today-Get-OWAVirtualDirectory.csv -append}
$CASServers | %{Get-ECPVirtualDirectory -server $_.name  | Export-csv $folder$today-Get-ECPVirtualDirectory.csv -append}
$CASServers = Get-ClientAccessServer 
$CASServers | %{Get-OWAVirtualDirectory -server $_.name  | Export-csv $folder$today-Get-OWAVirtualDirectory.csv -append}
$CASServers | %{Get-ECPVirtualDirectory -server $_.name  | Export-csv $folder$today-Ge$CASServers | %{Get-OABVirtualDirectory -server $_.name  | Export-csv $folder$today-Get-OABVirtualDirectory.csv -append}
$CASServers | %{Get-MAPIVirtualDirectory -server $_.name  | Export-csv $folder$today-Get-MAPIVirtualDirectory.csv -append}
$CASServers | %{Get-WebServicesVirtualDirectory -server $_.name  | Export-csv $folder$today-Get-ServicesVirtualDirectory.csv -append}
$CASServers | %{Get-ActivesyncVirtualDirectory -server $_.name  | Export-csv $folder$today-Get-EASVirtualDirectory.csv -append}
$CASServers | %{Get-OutlookAnywhere -server $_.name | Export-csv $folder$today-Get-OutlookAnywhere.csv -append}

#Export Database Settings
$DB = Get-mailboxdatabase 
$DB | Export-csv $folder$today-Get-MailboxDatabase.csv -append

#Export DAG Settings
$DAG  = Get-DatabaseAvailabilityGroup 
$DAG | Export-csv $folder$today-Get-DatabaseAvailabilityGroup.csv

Configure Exchange Certificate Based Authentication for Exchange ActiveSync

Scenario: You want to enable Certificate Based Authentication for Exchange ActiveSync. TMG is already setup and configured to accept/process he CBA ActiveSync request. Now we need to configure Exchange so it can successfully accept the trusted authenticated hand off from TMG.

Our Environment:

Exchange: Exchange 2013 SP1
Server: Windows Server 2012
MDM: Airwatch (Needed to push out the Certificates)

We currently have and will keep servers that will process activesync via Basic Authentication with the server name: mail.domain.com. We have separate servers will process activesync via CBA with the servername: mailcba.domain.com.

Configuration Steps:

Exchange Certificate:

1. Add the new external and internal server names that will be used to point activesync devices to EAS CBA as an subject alternate name to the existing server. Currently you may use mail.domain.com as the server name for Exchange ActiveSync that processes Basic Authentication. You will need a separate server name, such as mailcba.domain.com, that will be used to allow the TMG accept and pass this traffic to the new servers. Also you need to include the internal server name as an subject alternative name.

2. Import the Exchange certificate in Exchange and apply the IIS service to it.

Add Roles to Server:

3. Install the Client Certificate Mapping Authentication Role. In PowerShell run:

Import-Module ServerManager

Add-WindowsFeature Web-Client-Auth

ActiveSync Virtual Directory:

4. Remove Basic Authentication and Select Accept Client Certificate.

a. Open Exchange EAC.
b. Navigate to Servers–>Virtual Directories
c. Open the ActiveSync Virtual Directory on the server you wish to enable Certificate Based Authentication.
d. Uncheck Basic Authentication and mark Accept Client Certificates.

5. Add the Internal and External URLs accordingly, example: internalurl/externalurl: mailcba.domain.com (Note: Becareful of AutoDiscover. If you have the option of not including this server for Autodiscover lookups for ActiveSync, mobile devices should not receive these server settings when they want to authenticate via Basic. Else, you could set the internalurl/externalurl on the CBA virtual directories to the same urls as the ones accepting basic auth.

IIS Manager:

5. Enable Active Directory Client Certificate Authentication on the Server.
a. Open IIS Manager.
b. Click on the Server Name.
c. Click on Authentication
d. Enable Active Directory Client Certificate Authentication
e. Restart IIS Admin Service in Services console.

6. Enable Client Certificate Mapping Authentication on the ActiveSync Virtual Directory.
a. From an elevated command prompt, navigate to C:windowssystem32inetsrv.
b. Enter in the following:

APPCMD.EXE set config “Default Web Site/Microsoft-Se
rver-ActiveSync” -section:system.webServer/security/authentication/clientCertificateMappingAuthentication /enabled:”True” /commit:apphost

7. Change the UploadReadAheadSize from its default value (0) to the max size you wish to send from a activesync device. For example, if your sending limits is 35MB, the value will be 36700160.
a. Open IIS Manager.
b. Navigate to the Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync virtual directory.
c. Click on Configuration Editor.
d. Navigate to system.webserver/serverRuntime.
e. Edit the Value of uploadReadAheadSize to 36700160 and apply it.

8. Enable Windows Authentication on the Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync virtual Directory. (this is for TMG)

a. Open IIS Manager.
b. Navigate to the Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync virtual directory.
c. Click on Authentication.
d. Enable Windows Authentication.

9. Restart World Wide Web services from the services console.

A mailbox sends out to more recipients than allowed by the recipient rate limit in their throttling policy

Scenario: A mailbox has sent to more recipients than allowed by the recipient rate limit that is set in their throttling policy. For example, a mailbox can only send out to 100 recipients within a 24 hour period, BUT that mailbox has managed to send out to 500 recipients. How can this be?

Whats happening: A mailbox can send to more than 100 recipients if:

The 24 hours have been completed for that mailbox. The will be able to send for up to another 100 recipients.
The throttling service has been restarted on the mailbox server where the mailbox is located.
If a user sends to a distribution list, as the distribution list will only be counted as one recipient EVEN though there are 400 recipients in that distribution list.

Here is the WorkFlow of the RecipientRateLimit in the throttling Policy.

Terminology:

Token: The token is the number of recipients which has already been processed

Token Bucket Map: This is the table where the guids of the mailboxes are kept with the current RecipientRateLimit.

The token bucket map is held in memory when the Throttling service is started on the Mailbox Server. As new mailboxes send mail, they are added to the bucket map. When the mailbox submits mail, the throttling service checks the bucket map to obtain the token for the sender. In order for messages to be sent by the user, this must be true:

Obtain Token + Token Bucket Map <= RecipientRateLImit

Example: If the mailbox is trying to send 10 recipients ( Obtain Token) but the user has previously sent to 96 recipients (Token Bucket Map), sending would fail: 96 + 10 <= 100

But if the mailbox is sending to 2 recipients (and not 10), sending would succeed: 96 + 2 <= 100

Distribution groups are counted as one sender and further into the transport process of the sent message the distribution groups is expanded into numerous recipients. Sending a message from a mailbox always originates from the mailbox server where the mailbox is located on. This is the mailbox server holds the Token Bucket Map. The expansion of the distribution group can happen on any server during the transport process, thus its not logically possible to store the true number of recipients for that sender when a distribution group is used. This is why the Distribution Group is a loophole to the Recipient Rate Limit.